Гетерогенная рекомбинация оксида азота в задачах высокоскоростного обтекания тупых тел потоком диссоциированного воздуха: влияние на химический состав газа и теплообмен с поверхностью
Heterogeneous recombination of nitric oxide in problems of high-speed flow of dissociated air around blunt bodies: influence on the chemical composition of the gas and heat exchange with the surface
An important component of space flight safety is the effectiveness of thermal protection of the surface of reusable spacecraft, which is ensured by the use of modern materials with the lowest catalytic activity when interacting with the atmospheric gas mixture. Using the stage-by-stage heterogeneous kinetics of the interaction of a dissociated gas mixture with the surface of β-cristobalite, a numerical simulation of the flow of a supersonic multicomponent nonequilibri-um-dissociated air around a cylindrical model was performed within the framework of the Na-vier-Stokes equations taking into account chemical reactions in the flow for the conditions of heat exchange experiments on the VGU-4 induction RF plasmatron (IPMech RAS). A com-parative analysis of the calculations of the flow in a plasmatron with and without the formation of nitrogen oxide on the streamlined surface is carried out, and the need to take into account the heterogeneous recombination of nitrogen oxide in the boundary conditions is shown. The dependence of the flow characteristics in a wide range of adsorption site density is determined, simulating modes from non-catalytic to full catalytic. The contribution of diffusion and thermal conductivity processes to the heat flux to the surface is shown for various modes of gas in-teraction with the surface material.
dissociated air, nitrogen oxide, heterogeneous catalysis, heat exchange, HF plasmatron, β-cristobalite, density of adsorption sites
Важной составляющей безопасности космических полетов является эффективность теп-ловой защиты поверхности многоразовых космических аппаратов, которая обеспечива-ется применением современных материалов с наименьшей каталитической активностью при взаимодействии с атмосферной газовой смесью. С использованием постадийной ге-терогенной кинетики взаимодействия диссоциированной газовой смеси с поверхностью β-кристобалита выполнено численное моделирование обтекания цилиндрической моде-ли сверхзвуковым многокомпонентным неравновесно-диссоциированным воздухом в рамках уравнений Навье-Стокса с учетом химических реакций в потоке для условий экспериментов по теплообмену на индукционном ВЧ-плазмотроне ВГУ-4 (ИПМех РАН). Проведен сравнительный анализ расчетов течения в плазмотроне с учетом и без учета образования оксида азота на обтекаемой поверхности, показана необходимость учета гетерогенной рекомбинации оксида азота в граничных условиях. Определена за-висимость характеристик течения в широком диапазоне плотности адсорбционных цен-тров, моделирующих режимы от некаталитического до идеально каталитического. По-казан вклад процессов диффузии и теплопроводности в тепловой поток к поверхности для различных режимов взаимодействия газа с материалом поверхности.
диссоциированный воздух, оксид азота, гетерогенный катализ, теплообмен, ВЧ-плазмотрон, β-кристобалит, плотность адсорбционных центров
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