Studing the influence of model shapes and various boundary conditions on their surfaces on convective heat flows in supersonic dissociated air jets in an HF plasma torch


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For experimental conditions on heat transfer in underexpanded dissociated air jets, three water-cooled copper cylindrical models with a diameter of 20 mm and various geometries (flat-end, spherical nose, rounded-edge, and flat nose) were numerically simulated using the Navier-Stokes equations. The flow around these models was simulated by multicomponent, nonequilibrium dissociated air, taking into account chemical reactions in the flow and on the cold surface. The studies were conducted in underexpanded high-enthalpy air jets flowing from water-cooled conical nozzles with exit cross-section diameters of 40 and 50 mm at a submerged pressure of 8.5 hPa, an air flow rate of 3.6 g/s, and an anode power of the plasma torch's RF generator of 64 kW. Heat fluxes in the nose of the models were measured using flow-through stationary calorimeters with a flat or spherical copper heat-receiving surface. The distance between the forward stagnation point of the model and the nozzle exit was 30 mm in all experiments. Satisfactory agreement was achieved between the experimental and calculated heat flux densities at the stagnation point for an effective heterogeneous recombination coefficient of γ = 0.1 and a model of the staged heterogeneous kinetics of the interaction of dissociated air with a copper surface. Both models use one free parameter, varying which allows heat flux densities in the vicinity of the stagnation point to be obtained that are identical to the experimental values and to each other, although in the second model, this parameter, unlike in the first, has a clear physical meaning.

inductive RF plasmatron, supersonic jets of dissociated air, heat fluxes at the stagnation point, numerical modeling, catalytic recombination of atoms.

DOI: http://doi.org/10.33257/PhChGD.27.1.1233


Volume 27, issue 1, 2026 year


Исследование влияния форм моделей и различных граничных условий на их поверхностях на конвективные тепловые потоки в сверхзвуковых струях диссоциированного воздуха в ВЧ-плазмотроне

Для условий экспериментов по теплообмену в недорасширенных струях диссоциированного воздуха для трех медных водоохлаждаемых цилиндрических моделей диаметром 20 мм различной геометрии: с плоским торцом, со сферической носовой частью, со скругленной кромкой и плоским притуплением носовой части выполнено численное моделирование их обтекания в рамках уравнений Навье-Стокса многокомпонентным неравновесно диссоциированного воздуха с учетом химических реакций в потоке и на холодной поверхности. Исследования проводились в недорасширенных струях высокоэнтальпийного воздуха, истекающих из водоохлаждаемых конических сопел с диаметрами выходных сечений 40 и 50 мм при давлении в затопленном пространстве 8.5 гПа, расходе воздуха 3.6 г/c и мощности ВЧ-генератора плазмотрона по анодному питанию 64 кВт. Тепловые потоки в носовой части моделей в экспериментах измерялись проточными стационарными калориметрами с плоской или сферической тепловоспринимающей поверхностью из меди. Расстояние между передней критической точкой моделей и срезом сопла во всех экспериментах составляло 30 мм. Получено удовлетворительное согласие экспериментальных и расчетных данных по плотностям тепловых потоков в точке торможения при эффективном коэффициенте гетерогенной рекомбинации γw = 0.1 и модели постадийной гетерогенной кинетики взаимодействия диссоциированного воздуха с поверхностью меди. В обеих моделях используется по одному свободному параметру, вариация которых позволяет получить плотности тепловых потоков в окрестности точки торможения одинаковые с экспериментальными значениями и друг с другом, хотя во второй модели этот параметр, в отличие от первой, имеет ясный физический смысл.

индукционный ВЧ-плазмотрон, сверхзвуковые струи диссоциированного воздуха, тепловые потоки в точке торможения, численное моделирование, каталитическая рекомбинация атомов.

DOI: http://doi.org/10.33257/PhChGD.27.1.1233


Volume 27, issue 1, 2026 year



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