In a series of experiments with a high-speed camera, the evolution of capillary waves excited by the fall of a water drop onto the surface of a molten metal at room and high temperatures was investigated. Based on images obtained in experiments with a high-speed camera, a dispersion relation is constructed for capillary waves on the surface of molten metal and water induced by the merging of a falling drop with the surface of the target liquid. Using spectral analysis and direct measurement methods, approximations of the dependence of the wavelength and frequency of capillary waves on time are first constructed using power functions. Then, the "frequency-wavelength" points are extracted from these dependencies, which are also approximated by a power function. The quality of the selected power dependence is assessed by the degree of closeness of the approximating curve to the theoretical one, as well as by the magnitude of the relative deviation of the experimental power factor from the theoretical one. A qualitative and quantitative comparison of experiments with water and molten metal is performed.
capillary waves, drop impact, experiment, wave dispersion
Дисперсия капиллярных волн в различных жидкостях при слиянии падающей капли в импактном режиме
В рамках серии экспериментов со скоростной камерой исследована эволюция капиллярных волн, возбуждаемых падением капли воды на поверхность расплава металла при комнатной и высокой температурах. На основе полученных в экспериментах изображений построено дисперсионное соотношение для капиллярных волн на поверхности расплава металла и воды. Используя методы спектрального анализа и прямых измерений, с помощью степенных функций сначала строятся аппроксимации зависимости длины волны и частоты капиллярных волн от времени. Затем из этих зависимостей извлекаются точки «частота-длина волны», которые также аппроксимируются степенной функцией. Качество подобранной степенной зависимости оценивается по степени близости аппроксимирующей кривой к теоретической, а также по величине относительного отклонения экспериментального степенного множителя от предсказанного теорией. Выполнено качественное и количественное сравнение опытов с водой и расплавленным металлом.
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