The paper presents an overview of the main results obtained at the Institute of Mechanics, M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University over the past 5 years in the study of physical and chemical processes occurring on the surface of thermal protection materials of high-speed aircraft. Based on the methods of quantum mechanics and the theory of the transition state, closed kinetic models of the interaction of dissociated air with catalytic surfaces have been created, which allows for precise setting of boundary conditions in numerical modeling in problems of flow around bodies. The influence of catalytic processes on the heat flux, structure and chemical composition of the shock layer has been studied using the example of high-speed flow around a sphere simulating entry into the Earth's atmosphere and flow in a high-frequency plasmatron.
dissociated air, nitrogen oxide, heterogeneous catalysis, heat exchange, HF plasmatron, β-cristobalite, density of adsorption sites
Разработка и применение моделей катализа в задачах высокоскоростного обтекания затупленных тел потоком диссоциированного воздуха
В работе приведен обзор основных результатов, полученных в НИИ механики МГУ за последние 5 лет при исследовании физико-химических процессов, протекающих на поверхности теплозащитных материалов высокоскоростных летательных аппаратов. На основе методов квантовой механики и теории переходного состояния созданы замкнутые кинетические модели взаимодействия диссоциированного воздуха с каталитическими поверхностями, что позволяет точно задавать граничные условия при численного моделирования в задачах обтекания тел. Исследовано влияние каталитических процессов на тепловой поток, структуру и химический состав ударного слоя на примере высокоскоростного обтекания сферы, моделирующего вход в атмосферу Земли, и течения в ВЧ-плазмотроне.
диссоциированный воздух, оксид азота, гетерогенный катализ, теплообмен, ВЧ-плазмотрон, β-кристобалит, плотность адсорбционных центров
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